Endocrine Abstracts

Background: PCOS is one of the most common disorders affecting at least 5–10% of women of reproductive age. Increased prevalance of autoimmune thyroiditis and goiter were reported in PCOS patients. This study investigated the prevalance of hypothyroidism, thyroid autoimmunity, ultrasonographic features and presence of nodules in PCOS patients and compare them with the control group. We also aimed to detect correlation of thyroid volume (TV) with serum IGF1 levels in patie...

Background: Prolactin secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas) is the most common pituitary adenoma. The magnitude of prolactin secretion in prolactinomas is usually proportionate to the tumor’s size. Invasive giant prolactinoma is a large prolactinoma (>4 cm in dimension) presenting with serum prolactin levels of >1000 ng/ml and mass related clinical symptoms. Giant prolactinoma is rare and usually presents in men.Case report: A 52-year...

Case: A 63-year-old acromegalic woman admitted hospital for lassitude and dizziness. She has been diagnosed acromegaly 10 years ago and had two transsphenoidal operations. Remission wasn’t achieved. Then she started to use lanreotide (somatostatin analogue) and for 7 years she has been treated with it. In laboratory examination, basal plasma GH 1.21 ng/ml (NR:0–5); nadir GH level after glucose tolerance test, 1.2 ng/ml (NR: less than 1); IGF1, 129.1 ng/ml (NR: for ag...

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a common endocrine disorder that is characterized by hypercalcemia and elevated or normal levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Most PHPT cases are incidentally discovered when routine laboratory analysis reveals hypercalcemia. PHPT should be considered in any person with elevated serum calcium (Ca) levels and no clear evidence of malignancy. Serum phosphorus (P) is low due to the phosphaturic effects of PTH and mostly in the ...

Background: Alstrom syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterised by vision loss, hearing loss, childhood obesity, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiomyopathy, and progressive pulmonary, hepatic, and renal dysfunction. Hyperinsulinemia develops early, and pancreatic islets show beta-cell proliferation, thus suggesting that both insulin resistance and increased insulin secretion might contribute to gluco...

Background: Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by production of excess thyroid hormones by thyroid gland, which is called hyperthyroidism. Generally, clinical presentations of Graves’ disease range from asymptomatic disease to overt symptomatic hyperthyroidism with heat intolerance, tremor, palpitation, weight loss, and increased appetite. Single-cell lineage haematological abnormalities, such as anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia,...

Background: Fahr’s disease is a rare degenerative disorder characterized by symmetrical and bilateral intracranial calcification. Movement disorders are the most common symptoms of Fahr’s disease and dystonia is an uncommon presentation which accounts for only 8% of symptomatic patients.Case report: A 47 years old female admitted to emergency department with involuntary movements of extremities and anxiety. Neurological examination was normal e...

Giant cell granuloma is a skeletal manifestation seen now rarely in hyperparathyroidism due to early recognition of the disease. Lesions usually occur in the areas of intense bone resorption. They can affect mandible, maxilla, clavicle, ribs and pelvic bones. Most of the patients who have primary hyperparathyroidism are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during laboratory examinations. Here, we represent a female patient who was referred to endocrinology clinics beca...

The classic clinic manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is osteitis fibrosa cystica, a severe skeletal disease characterized by brown tumors, bone cysts and deformities, due to extremely elevated bone resorption elicited by continuously high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. In cardiovascular system there may be shortened QT interval, deposition of calcium in heart valves, coronary arteries, and myocardial fibers. Here, we report a case with PHPT, who have anore...

Well-known environmental factors which can lead to type 1 diabetes are viral infections, vaccines, diet, exposure to cow milk in infancy, vitamin D deficiency, drugs, maternal age, preeclampsia and low birth weight. Isotretinoin is an effective drug for acne treatment. It can cause dyslipidemia, elevated liver enzymes, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Our case is type 1 diabetes developed after the use of isotretinoin and represented with diabetic ketoacidosis.<p cl...